Improvement in flaning-machine



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Letters Patent No. 106,281, dated August 9,V 1870. f

IMPROVEMeur 1N PLANrNMAcHINB.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part Iof the same.

To all whom 'it may concern ABe it known that I, Geox-teli T. PnARsALL, of'

Apalachin, in the county of' Tioga and in the Stat-e of New York, have invented certain new and useful .Improvemeuts in Matching and Planing-lldzwhine;` and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to the letters of reference marked thereon making a part of this specication.

'lhe nature of my invention consists- First, in 4so constructing a planing and matchingmachine that two strips of lumber may be manufactux-ed (that is, plane, tongue, and groove4 and bead.

ceutrically with the planing cutter-head, and helpingl to hold the stufI" at all times close to the cutting-edge Vofthe knives. l

, Third, in thearrangemeut of the device for operating the feed-rollers.

Fourth, in the construction and arrangement of four cutter-heads vset for tonguing and grooving lumber of dilferentV widths, in such a manner that each ,piece of lumber shall make two strips of tongued and grooved and beaded lumber, of exactly the same width, at one operation.

Fifth, the arrangement of the device whereby the four cutter-heads are simultaneously adjusted 'to any desired `height to dress any thickness of lumber or to keep them out of the way for plain Vsurfacing the whole width of the machine.-

Sixth, in the devices for adjustingr the top cutterhead vertically and laterally.

Seventh, in hanging the. cutter-head, frame, and arbor on the left side ot' the machine in such a manner that any desired deviation may be made from a vertical position sidewise, and for hanging thereon, in place of 'the cutter-bead, a circular saw for splitting `lumber for clapboards or otherl uses to any desired bevel at the same time it is being planed.

' Eighth, in the construction of the cutter-heads with two opposite knives for separating the tongue ormaking the groove, and two opposite ones for squariug the edge of lumber or reducing the tongue to any desired thickness.

In order to enable others skilled in the.art to which my invention appcrtains` to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawing', in which- Figurel is a plan view of the entire machine; Figure 2 is alongitudinal vertical section of the bed ofthe machine; and

Figure 3 is an end elvation of the entire machine.

A represents the frame of the machine, resting upon legs, B B, and having, at its front end,-a frame, O,

' which forms bearings for a shaft upon which are pulleys, D D, to run allthe di'erent parts of the machine by connecting-belts. These belts I have notdeemed it necessary to represent, nor will I mention the same any further, as theirarrangement is readily understood.

On the inside of theframe A are pins, a a, upon which rest a frame, E, provided, vou itsv under side, with inclined projections, b b.

The frame supports the table or frame G, on 'which the lumber is placed.

At the iront end of the table G' is a downwardprojecting ear, through which passes a screw, "H, which also passesthrough the end ofthe frame E.

By means of this screw the frame EA is moved eudwise, so as to bring the'inclined projections b b higher up or lower down on the pins a, a, and thereby raising or lowering the table G, so as to adjust it for any thickness of lumber.

. I represent-s the cntterfhead, extending at a suitable point across the frame A, and provided with the planing-knives d d.

This cutter-head is provided with journalswhich pass' through the frame, and upon which is hung a bar, J, by means of ears, e e, extending from the ends 'of said bar,and through which the journals pass.

p The bar J rests upon the frame, the lumber passing under the same before coming in contact with the cutting-edge'of the knives d d. Itis slightly concave on ,the side toward the cutter-head, andv acts as achipbreaker and directs the shavings upward and'away from the cutters, at the same time as it helps to keep the stuff at all times close to the cutting-edge of the knives. p

' Across the frame A are a suitable number of feedrollers, K K, which have their bearings in the sides of the frame, and are operated by means of' theendless screw M, revolving in bearings on the left side of the frame, and turning cog-wheels, L L, upon the ends of the journals of' thev rollers .K. The lumber, passing under and against the rollers K K, is fed forward toward the cutter, 'the endless screw making the strongest and easiest feed.

Through suitable gnide-bars'or ways in the frame A is placed a frame, N, of rectangular shape, as shown iniig. 3, whichframe rests uponM two blocks, 0 O,- moving up and down within the guides mentioned.

lhe supporting blocks O O rest upon inclined projections, f f, on a h-orzoutalrbar, P, which is moved to4 either side b y a screw, R, asA shown. Y By turning the s crewR the flame N is raised or lowered at will, and, as said frame supporte' all the four cutter-heads, as will he presently described, they are all adj usted simultaneously to any desired height, ,so as to dress any thickness of lumber or to drop out of the way for plain surfacing the whole width of the machine. By this means the machine is'alw'ays ready to do eitherkind of work.

In the frame N, a suitable distance above the bot tom bar of the frame, is placed a bar,` S, connectedr 'ba-r S, on each side of the central connection, is placed a block, T, which supports the bearings for the upright` shafts VV', upon the upper ends of which are the cutter-heads W W'. The knives on these cutter-heads are so arranged yas to cut the grooves and plane the edges on both sides ot' the lumber.

The frame X', which forms the bearings for arbor or shaft V', on the left side of the machine, is hung on a pivot on theblock 'l onthat side, and secured in position bya set-screw,7i, working in a slot n the i'ame, as shown. By this arrangement any desired deviation froma vertical position may be made, and' in place of this cutter-head a circular saw may be hung thereon for Splitting lumber for clapboards or other uses, to any desired bevel, at the same time it is being planed.

.The frame X, which forms bearings for the shaftV, on the right side of the machine, is, by a bent bar, 1

held to the frame A in such a manner that it cannot i be moved sidewise when the frame N yis moved sidewise, but will more up and down with said frame N.

Above the 'bar S, in suitable bearings, is placed a vhorizontal shaft, A', having, on its inner end, the cut ter-head B', which moves in the slot mentioned in the bar S.

On top of the frame N is laid a har, C', having -its ends turned down along the sides of the frame N for a suitable distance.

Fromthis bar O', in'suitable bearings, is suspended another horizontal shaft, D', upon the inner end of which is the cutter-head E', corresponding with the cutter-head B', below.

The cutter-head 4E vis adjusted laterally by means of the set-screws la k, at the turned-down ends of the bar C', to keep it in line with the bottom cutter-head B',.and it is also adjusted vertically by means of the set-screws m m, on top, to alterdthe thickness of the tongue, as desired.

lhe cutter-heads are set for tongning and giooving lumber of different widths by means of the two screws G G', ot" the saine pitch, geared by the two spurwheels H H.

One ot' these screws operates the frame N, carrying with it the cutter-heads' W B E', while the other operates the cutter-head W' alone, thus always setting the cutter-heads so that they shall make two strips of tongned and grooved and beaded lumber of exactly the same width at one operation item one piece of lumber without previous sawing.

The cutter-heads have two opposite knives, t' fi, for

v1. -The chipbreaker and shaving-director J, hung concentrically with the planing cutter-head I, substantially as and for the pnrposesherein set forth.

2. The combination of the frame N, cutter-head frame X', screws G G', and spur-wheels H H', constructed and arranged as 'deseribed for setting the cutter-heads so as to .tongue and groove lumber of dilerent widths, substantially as herein set forth.

3.- The combination of the frame N, blocks O O, bar P, with inclines j' f, and the screw R, for adjusting the four cutter-heads simultaneously to any clesired height, substantially as and for the .purposes herein set forth.

, 4. The bar C', having turned-down ends and pro-A vided with lset-screws 7.: k and m m, for adjusting the cutter-head E', bothvertically ,and laterally, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I'liave hereunto set my hand this 13th day of June, 1870. Witnesses: GEORGE T. PEARSALL.

H. S. BEAN, GEORGE W. LILLIE. 

